Postgraduate Teaching (PGT) 

Faecal incontinence
•    Pathophysiology
•    Diagnostic work-up and differential diagnosis
•    Therapeutic management: conservative, pharmacological, behavioural and surgical modalities

Acute Diarrhoea
•    Diagnostic work-up, differential diagnosis and management of patients with acute diarrhoea
•    Clostridium difficile: first-line management and recurrent infections
•    Faecal transplantation: indications and modalities

IBS
•    Diagnosis of IBS: what is the optimal work-up? 
•    Medical treatment options, including pharmacological management, according to the clinical presentation (IBS-C, IBS-D, IBS-M)
•    Dietary management 
•    Psychosocial management
•    Overlap syndromes

Screening of colorectal cancer and multidisciplinary treatment of early colorectal cancer
•    Screening strategies according to risk stratification (FIT, Age range, FIT interval, FIT cut-off, Colonoscopy for FH+)
•    Endoscopic detection, characterisation and reporting (Advanced Imaging, HP vs adenoma vs SSL, Early vs deep cancer, Artificial Intelligence)
•    Therapeutic management early cancer: from endoscopy to surgery
•    ESD vs TEM

Chronic diarrhoea 
•    Evaluation, differential diagnosis of chronic diarrhoea, including microscopic colitis, malab-sorption, bile acid diarrhoea, etc.
•    Diagnostic work-up
•    Therapeutic management

Colorectal cancer: Staging, surgery and adjuvant therapies 
•    Staging and the role of the multidisciplinary team (including guidelines)
•    Evidence-based surgical management with curative intent, including ERAS, etc.
•    Surgery for colorectal liver metastases 
•    Neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies for colon and rectal cancer

Hereditary GI syndromes
•    Presentation and management of
o    Gastric familial syndrome
o    Pancreaticobiliary familial syndrome
o    Colorectal familial syndrome

Immunotherapy and targeted therapies
•    Pathophysiology of Immunotherapy
•    Indications of Immunotheray (colon cancer, colorectal cancer)
•    Sideeffects of immunotherapy and treatment regimens (current guidelines)
•    Molecular diagnostics and derived treatment options

Acute and chronic bowel ischaemia
•    Clinical assessment
•    Diagnostic workup
•    Management

Advanced diagnostic endoscopy
•    Advanced Imaging (dye-spray/virtual-chromo, high-definition, AI) for surveillance for high-risk conditions (Ulcerative colitis/Lynch syndromes/Barrett esophagus/High-risk of gastric cancer)
•    Cholangioscopy  (Cholangiocarcinoma)
•    Enhancing EUS: elastography, sonoview and endo-microscopy
•    Pancreatic cancer

Biliary structures
•    Differential diagnosis of biliary strictures: clinical assessment, laboratory tests, imaging tech-niques and tissue acquisition
•    The role of endoscopy and surgery in the management of malignant biliary strictures
•    Cholangioscopy

Video Case Sessions 

Endoscopic management of pancreatic diseases
•    Endoscopic management of hilar and distal biliary strictures, including diagnosis with cholan-gioscopy and treatment with stenting
•    Endoscopic management of strictures and stones in patients with chronic pancreatitis
•    EUS + EHL/Laser

Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of lower-GI bleeding, small bowel diseases, IBD, and ad-vanced GI-cancer
•    Diagnosis and therapeutic management in small bowel disease, including indications and modalities for deep enteroscopy, as well as management for suspected small bowel bleeding and polyp resection
•    Endoscopic management of patients with IBD: colon cancer surveillance, polyp and stricture management
•    Endoscopic management of GI strictures (oesophageal, duodenal and colon: dilation and stent insertion)

Advanced therapeutic endoscopic techniques 
•    ERCP including cholangioscopy
•    Overview on EUS-guided therapeutic procedures

Video Case Sessions 

GI bleeding and endoscopic therapy of endoscopic and surgical complications
•    Diagnostic and therapeutic management for lower GI bleeding, including timing and modali-ties for endoscopic treatment
•    Overall and endoscopic management of patients with variceal bleeding
•    Overall and endoscopic management of patients with non-variceal bleeding
•    Haemostatic techniques in variceal and non-variceal bleeding
•    Endoscopic management of endoscopic complications (perforations) and surgical complica-tions 

Polypectomy and removal duodenal lesions
•    Characterisation and resection techniques of colorectal polyps
•    Ampullectomy 
•    EMR, ESD and full thickness resection: technical modalities and indications

Difficult to treat IBD
•    How to define treatment failure and refractory IBD
•    Infectious complications to consider
•    Therapeutic options in patients failing biological agents
•    Sequence of therapies
•    The role of surgery in refractory cases
•    Genetically determined IBD and IBD like syndromes

Early management of IBD
•    Differential diagnosis of the patient with chronic diarrhoea
•    Diagnostic work-up and use of laboratory tests, imaging and endoscopy
•    Therapeutic management in early stages 
•    Lifestyle interventions  

Extraintestinal manifestations of IBD
•    Epidemiology of extra-intestinal manifestations of IBD (PSC, skin, joints)
•    Clinical manifestations and diagnostic strategy
•    Therapeutic considerations with relation to IBD

Cancer and IBD 
•    Pathophysiology of link between chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis
•    Surveillance schemes in patient with IBD according to risk factors
•    How to manage findings: surgery and endoscopy
•    Chemotherapy in immune suppressed IBD patients

Management of Crohn's disease
•    Medical treatment algorithms
•    Objective measures for treatment and the role of complete mucosal healing
•    Interdisciplinary approach for perianal fistula
•    Indication of Surgery and pre-operative and post-operative management of CD patients
•    Emerging treatments and precision medicine

Management of ulcerative colitis: The acute patient 
•    The hospitalised patient with acute colitis: differential diagnosis
•    Medical management of ulcerative colitis
•    Surgery: timing, types, outcome determining factors
•    Emerging treatments and precision medicine

Assessment of liver function
•    When to assess liver function
•    What methods are available for liver function assessment
•    How to predict and prevent liver failure prior to major surgery 

Diagnostic work-up of a liver nodule
•    Differential diagnosis of liver nodules in the non-cirrhotic and cirrhotic liver
•    Diagnostic management: imaging modalities and when to obtain tissue
•    Therapeutic management: surveillance or treatment (except HCC)

NAFLD and NASH
•    Epidemiological concerns regarding NAFLD/NASH
•    How to differentiate from alcohol-related liver disease?
•    Relationship with the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases
•    Risk stratification and evaluation of fibrosis
•    Therapeutic management 

Viral hepatitis
•    The changing epidemiology of viral hepatitis
•    Diagnostic modalities for viral hepatitis
•    Therapeutic management
•    Long-term complications
•    HCV elimination: strategies, micro-elimination and possible target groups

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) 
•    Diagnostic modalities and differential diagnosis
•    Staging and classifications
•    Treatment algorithms and the role of liver transplantation

Liver and pregnancy 
•    Overview of specific liver diseases in pregnancy, according to birth term.
•    Other liver diseases diagnosed during pregnancy
•    Management of liver diseases, including when to terminate pregnancy

Metabolic and vascular disorders of the liver 
•    Overview of metabolic disorders: diagnosis and therapy 
•    The place of genetic evaluation in diagnostic work up
•    Vascular disorders of the liver: diagnostic work up
•    Management of vascular disorders: the role of anticoagulation, TIPS and liver transplantation

Benign causes of oesophageal dysphagia
•    Clinical presentation and differential diagnosis of dysphagia
•    Diagnostic work-up
•    Therapeutic management of benign oesophageal dysphagia (achalasia, eosinophilic oesoph-agitis, oesophageal motility disorders etc.)

Management of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)
•    Pathophysiology and diagnostic classification
•    Appropriate use of different diagnostic modalities (pH-metry, pH-impedance etc.)
•    Pharmacological therapy
•    Non-pharmacological therapy, including endoscopic procedures and surgery

Barrett’s oesophagus 
•    Epidemiology, aetiology and the risk of cancer
•    Diagnosis and classification
•    Surveillance schemes according to risk
•    Chemoprevention
•    Endoscopic management

Non-cardiac chest pain 
•    Clinical presentation and differential diagnosis 
•    Diagnostic work-up
•    Pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy

Diagnosis and treatment of malnutrition
•    Definition and criteria of malnutrition, cachexia and sarcopenia particularly the difference be-tween these three in clinical practice
•    Tools for assessment and identifying patients at risk screening for malnutrition + clinical tools for sarcopenia
•    Artificial nutrition (enteral and parenteral): indications and modalities of administration when to use enteral vs. PN, including associated complications/risks in guiding decisions
•    Ethical considerations regarding artificial nutrition when to use en or not (e.g. advanced de-mentia). Role of PN in palliative advanced cancer

Chronic intestinal failure
•    Causes and epidemiology of chronic intestinal failure
•    Short and long-term complications of chronic intestinal failure
•    Management of chronic intestinal failure: home parenteral nutrition and beyond (including en-tero-hormonal therapy and transplantation)

Malabsorption
•    Mechanisms of nutrient absorption and pathophysiology of malabsorption and the effect of gut microbes on nutrient absorption
•    Clinical features and differential diagnosis of the underlying diseases
•    Therapeutic management

Diabetes in GI Disorders
•    Metabolic syndrome, NAFLD – treatment options
•    Type 3 diabetes – etiology and treatment options
•    Bariatric interventions and effect on glucose homeastasis

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
•    Diagnostic work-up and pitfalls of available diagnostic modalities
•    Therapeutic management: chemotherapy and surgery, including management of elderly pa-tients
•    Palliation: the role of endoscopy, ultrasound, nutrition and pain management
•    Molecular therapies/precision medicine

Benign diseases of the bile duct
•    Differential diagnosis and therapy: Infectious and autoimmune (IgG4) cholangitis, PBC, PSC and other cholangiopathies
•    Typical symptoms, histology, sensitivity and specificity of serology of autoimmune liver dis-ease
•    Medical management of autoimmune liver diseases
•    Natural course of the disease and possible therapeutic interventions

Chronic pancreatitis
•    Pathophysiological mechanisms, etiological factors and prognostic scores
•    Clinical aspects of chronic pancreatitis, including symptoms and complications
•    Therapeutic management strategy: medical management, endoscopy and surgery

Autoimmune disease of liver and bile ducts 
•    Differential diagnosis and therapy of autoimmune liver disease: AIH, PBC, PSC and other cholangiopathies
•    Typical symptoms, histology, sensitivity and specificity of serology of autoimmune liver dis-ease
•    Alternative diagnosis to exclude
•    Natural course of the disease and possible therapeutic interventions

Biliary stones 
•    Clinical symptoms and imaging modalities for diagnosis of bile stones
•    Managing symptomatic biliary stones, including gallstones and choledocolithiasis
•    Defining indication and timing of EUS, ERCP and cholecystectomy

Cholangiocarcinoma 
•    Diagnosis, classification and staging of cholangiocarcinoma
•    Indications and modalities for surgical resection
•    Indications for pre-operative tissue acquisition and stenting
•    The role of endoscopy and radiology for palliation and their limitations
•    Molecular therapies/precision medicine

Cystic pancreatic lesions 
•    Differential diagnosis of cystic pancreatic lesions and the role of CT, MRI and EUS
•    Natural history of pancreatic cystic lesions and risk of malignant transformation
•    Management of cystic pancreatic lesions and the indications for surgery

Acute and chronic intestinal obstruction
•    Differential diagnosis and investigation of ileus and obstruction
•    Management of ileus and obstruction
•    Management of chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction and other similar disorders

Small bowel imaging and endoscopy 
•    Overview of available modalities for small bowel imaging: capsule endoscopy, radiology studies, MRI, deep enteroscopy techniques
•    Small bowel related anaemia: how to investigate and how to treat

Dyspepsia and gastroparesis
•    Definition and differential diagnosis
•    Diagnostic workup 
•    Pharmacological, non-pharmacological and endoscopic therapy (for gastroparesis)

Upper GI bleeding
•    Clinical assessment, investigation and therapy for acute upper GI bleeding, including special requirements for elderly patients
•    Management of patients on anticoagulant and anti-platelet therapy, both in the acute situation and before scheduled diagnostic or therapeutic endoscopy

Bariatric interventions
•    Indications and techniques for bariatric interventions and their mechanisms of actions
•    Complications and their management
•    Long-term physiological consequences and metabolic complications

Gastric cancer 
•    Epidemiology, risk factors and screening requirements
•    Diagnostic modalities for early and advanced cancer, including chromoendoscopy, electronic chromoendoscopy and imaging procedures
•    Therapeutic management: endoscopy and surgery

How to treat itching?

•    Differential diagnosis of pruritus
•    Treatment options
•    Liver specific treatment options – current guidelines

Acute and post-ERCP pancreatitis (in addition to the respective year only)

• Prevention of Post-ERCP pancreatitis
• Early management of acute pancreatitis (early prediction tools, fluid management, antibiotics, etc.)
• Management of late complications (infected necrosis, pseudoaneurysm)